Hampe Arndt

Hampe Arndt

Chercheur

Equipe BioDiv

Arndt Hampe

UMR 1202 Biodiversité Gènes & Communautés
INRAE
69, route d'Arcachon
33612 CESTAS Cedex – France

Tel : 05 35 38 53 59

email : arndt.hampe_at_inrae.fr

Research profile

I am mostly a plant population and forest ecologist. My research spans local to large geographical scales and combines field and molecular ecological approaches. Woody plants are my favourite study organisms. Dispersal processes and biotic interactions represent a common denominator of my different research lines:

  • Interactions between animal-dispersed plants and their dispersers
  • Temperate forest regeneration and expansion
  • Ecological determinants of population genetic structures
  • Plant phylogeography and species range dynamics
  • Climate relict populations and their refugia

Research experience

  • Director of research (2011-) - INRA, UMR 1202 BioGeCo, Cestas (France)
  • Ramón y Cajal postdoctoral fellow (2008-2011) - CSIC, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Sevilla (Spain)
  • Marie Curie postdoctoral fellow (2006-2008) - INRA, UMR 1202 BioGeCo, Cestas (France)
  • Juan de la Cierva postdoctoral fellow (2004-2006) - CSIC, Estación Biológica de Doñana, Sevilla (Spain)
  • PhD thesis (1999-2004) - Universidad de Sevilla (Spain)
  • Ms thesis (1997-1998) - Institute of Avian Biology 'Vogelwarte Helgoland', Wilhelmshaven (Germany)

Research projects

  • wildE: Climate-smart rewilding: ecological restoration for climate change mitigation, adaptation and biodiversity support in Europe. 2023-2026. EU Horizon Europe. (https://www.wilde-project.eu/)
  • WILDE: Untapping the potential of rewilding-based ecological restoration to enhance climate change mitigation, adaptation and biodiversity conservation in Europe. 2021-2022. French National Research Agency,  MRSEI programme.
  • SPONFOREST: Unraveling the potential of spontaneous forest establishment for improving ecosystem functions and services in dynamic landscapes. 2017-2020. EU ERA-NET BiodivERsA 3. (https://www6.inrae.fr/sponforest/Project)
  • CLIMBEECH: Towards a mechanistic understanding of climate refugia: fine-scale climatic control of distribution and regeneration in relict Fagus sylvatica populations in the Aquitaine Basin. 2015-2018. French National Research Agency.
  • RELICT: Biologie de la conservation et changement climatique: les hêtraies relictuelles du Bassin Aquitain. 2014-2017. Regional Government of Aquitania.
  • OAKREG: Mechanisms of natural oak regeneration in the Landes de Gascogne pine forests: the role of biotic interactions during early plant recruitment. 2014-2016. University of Bordeaux.
  • MYCODISP: Interacting interactions: mycorrhization as a function of acorn dispersal in Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur). 2014. INRA.
  • PERSLIM: Persisting at the limit: genetic structure, hybridisation and conservation of Quercus robur L. relict populations at the species’ southern range margin. 2011-2014. Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.
  • RELICTOAK: The genetics of enduring isolation: diversity, gene flow and offspring performance in glacial relict tree populations. 2008-2010. EU FP7, MSCA Actions.
  • ACORNDISP: Demo-genetic consequences of acorn harvesting by jays: bridging seed dispersal and recruitment in oak woodlands. 2006-2008. EU FP6, MSCA Actions.

Publications

  • Moracho E, Klein EK, Oddou-Muratorio S, Hampe A, Jordano P (2024) Highly clustered mating networks in naturally-fragmented riparian tree populations. Molecular Ecology, in press.
  • Schillé L, Valdés-Correcher E, Archaux F,..., Hampe A, ..., Castagneyrol B (2024) Decomposing drivers in avian insectivory: large-scale effects of climate, habitat and bird diversity. Journal of Biogeography, in press.
  • Bogdziewicz M, Aravena Acuña MC, Andrus R, ..., Hampe A, ..., Clark JS (2023) Linking seed size and number to trait syndromes in trees. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 32: 683-694.
  • Frei T, Espelta JM, Górriz-Mifsud E, Hampe A, Lefèvre F, Martín-Forés I, Winkel G (2023) Can natural forest expansion contribute to Europe's restoration policy agenda? An interdisciplinary assessment. AMBIO, in press.
  • Lázaro-González A, Andivia E, Hampe A, Hasegawa S, Marzano R, Santos AMC, Castro J, Leverkus A (2023) Revegetation through seeding or planting: A worldwide systematic map. Journal of Environmental Management 337: 117713.
  • Pulido F, Castagneyrol B, Rodríguez-Sánchez F, Cáceres Y, Pardo A, Moracho E, Kollmann J, Valladares F, Ehrlén J, Jump AS, Svenning JC, Hampe A (2023) Widespread latitudinal asymmetry in the performance of marginal populations: a meta-analysis. Global Ecology and Biogeography 32: 842-854.
  • Ruiz-Carbayo H, Espelta JM, Pino J, Hampe A, Bonal R (2023) Contrasting genetic population structures in acorn weevils (Curculio spp.) in expanding forests: the effects of differences in resource-tracking strategies. Insect Conservation and Diversity 16: 77-87.
  • Qiu T, Andrus R, Aravena MC,..., Hampe A, ..., Clark JS (2023) Masting is uncommon in trees that depend on mutualist dispersers in the context of global climate and fertility gradients. Nature Plants, in press.
  • Bert D, Lebourgeois F, Ouayjan A, Ducousso A, Ogée J, Hampe A (2022) Past and future radial growth and water-use efficiency of Fagus sylvatica and Quercus robur in a long-term climate refugium. Dendrochronologia 72: 125939.
  • de Lombaerde E, Vangansbeke P, Lenoir J, ..., Hampe A, ..., de Frenne P (2022) Maintaining forest cover to enhance temperature buffering under future climate change. Science of the Total Environment 810: 151338.
  • Journé V, Andrus R, Aravena MC,... Hampe A, ... Clark JS (2022) Globally, tree fecundity exceeds productivity gradients. Ecology Letters 25: 1471-1482.
  • Lembrechts JJ, van den Hoogen J, Aalto J, Ashcroft MB, de Frenne P, Kemppinen J,... Hampe A, ... Lenoir J (2022) Global maps of soil temperature. Global Change Biology 28: 3110-3144.
  • Qiu T, Andrus R, Aravena MC, ..., Hampe A, ..., Clark JS (2022) Limits to reproduction and seed size-number trade-offs that shape forest dominance and future recovery. Nature Communications 13: 2381.
  • Valdés-Correcher E, Popova A, Galmán A, …, Hampe A, …, Castagneyrol B (2022) Herbivory on pedunculate oak along an urbanization gradient in Europe: effects of impervious surface, local tree cover and insect feeding guild. Ecology and Evolution 12: e8709.
  • Cheikh Albassatneh M, Escudero M, Monnet AC, Arroyo J, Baccheta G, Bagnoli F, Dimopoulos P, Hampe A, Médail F, Nikolic T, Ponger L, Vendramin GG, Fady B (2021) Spatial patterns of genus-level phylogenetic endemism in the tree flora of Mediterranean Europe. Diversity and Distributions 27: 913-928.
  • De Frenne P, Lenoir J, Luoto M, Scheffers B, Zellweger F, Aalto Juha, Ashcroft M, Christiansen D, Decocq G, De Pauw K, Govaert S, Greiser C, Gril E, Hampe A, Jucker T, Klinges D, Koelemeijer I, Lembrechts J, Marrec R, Meeussen C, Ogee J, Tyystjarvi V, Vangansbeke P, Hylander K (2021) Forest microclimates and climate change: importance, drivers and future research agenda. Global Change Biology 27: 2279-2297.
  • Fort T, Pauvert C, Zanne A, Ovaskainen O, Caignard T, Barret M, Compant S, Hampe A, Delzon S, Vacher C (2021) Maternal effects shape the seed mycobiome in Quercus petraea. New Phytologist 230: 1594-1608.
  • Guerrieri R, Correia M, Martín-Forés I, Alfaro-Sánchez R, Pino J, Hampe A, Valladares F, Espelta J (2021) Land-use legacies influence tree water-use efficiency and nitrogen dynamics in recently established European forests. Functional Ecology 35: 1325-1340.
  • Monnet AC, Cilleros K, Médail F, Cheikh Albassatneh M, Arroyo J, Bacchetta G, Bagnoli F, Barina Z, Cartereau M, Casajus N, Dimopoulos P, Domina G, Doxa A, Escudero M, Fady B, Hampe A, Matevski V, Misfud S, Nikolic T, Pavon D, Roig A, Santos Barea E, Spanu I, Strid A, Vendramin GG, Leriche A (2021) WOODIV, a database of occurrences, functional traits, and phylogenetic data for all Euro-Mediterranean trees. Scientific Data 8: 89.
  • Postolache D, Oddou-Muratorio S, Vajana E, Bagnoli F, Guichoux E, Hampe A, Le Provost G, Lesur I, Popescu F, Scotti I, Piotti A, Vendramin GG (2021) Genetic signatures of divergent selection in European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) are associated with the variation in temperature and precipitation across its distribution range. Molecular Ecology 30: 5029-5047.
  • Valdés-Correcher E, Moreira X, Augusto L, ..., Hampe A, ..., Castagneyrol B (2021) Search for top-down and bottom-up drivers of latitudinal trends in insect herbivory in oak trees in Europe. Global Ecology and Biogeography 30: 651-665.
  • Alfaro-Sánchez R, Valdés-Correcher E, Espelta JM, Hampe A, Bert D (2020) How do social status and tree architecture influence radial growth, wood density and drought response in spontaneously established oak forests? Annals of Forest Science 77: 49.
  • Cheikh Albassatneh M, Escudero M, Ponger L, Monnet AC, Arroyo J, Nikolić T, Baccheta G, Bagnoli F, Dimopoulos P, Leriche A, Médail F, Roig A, Spanu I, Vendramin GG, Hampe A, Fady B (2020) A comprehensive, genus-level time-calibrated phylogeny of the tree flora of Mediterranean Europe and an assessment of its vulnerability. Botany Letters 167: 276-289.
  • Du Y, Mao L, Queenborough SA, Primack R, Comita L, Hampe A, Ma K (2020) Macro-scale variation and environmental predictors of flowering and fruiting phenology in the Chinese angiosperm flora. Journal of Biogeography 47: 2303-2314.
  • Espelta J, Cruz-Alonso V, Alfaro-Sánchez R, Hampe A, Messier C, Pino J (2020) Functional diversity enhances tree growth and reduces herbivory damage in secondary broadleaf forests but does not influence resilience to drought. Journal of Applied Ecology 57: 2362-2372.
  • Gárate Escamilla H, Brelsford GC, Hampe A, Robson TM, Benito Garzón M (2020) Greater capacity to exploit warming temperatures in northern populations of European beech is partly driven by delayed leaf senescence. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology 284: 107908.
  • García C, Espelta JM, Hampe A (2020) Managing forest regeneration and expansion at a time of unprecedented global change. Journal of Applied Ecology 57: 2310-2315.
  • Gerzabek G, Oddou-Muratorio S, Hampe A (2020) Recruitment of a genotyped seedling cohort in an expanding oak forest stand: diversity, dispersal and performance across habitats. Annals of Forest Science 77: 78.
  • Hampe A, Alfaro-Sánchez R, Martín-Forés I (2020) Establishment of second-growth forests in human landscapes: ecological mechanisms and genetic consequences. Annals of Forest Science 77: 87.
  • Lamonica D, Pagel J, Valdés-Correcher E, Bert D, Hampe A, Schurr FM (2020) Growth potential varies more than competition among spontaneously established forest stands of Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur). Annals of Forest Science 77: 80.
  • Martín-Forés I, Magro S, Bravo-Oviedo A, Alfaro-Sánchez R, Espelta JM, Frei T, Valdés-Correcher E, Rodríguez Fernández-Blanco C, Winkel G, Gerzabek G, González-Martínez SC, Hampe A, Valladares F (2020) Spontaneous forest regrowth in South-West Europe: consequences for nature’s contributions to people. People and Nature 2: 980-994.
  • Ruíz Carbayo H, Pino J, Bonal R, James PMA, Hampe A, Molowny-Horas R, Espelta JM (2020) Insect herbivory in novel Quercus ilex L. forests: the role of landscape attributes, forest composition and host traits. Annals of Forest Science 77: 32.
  • Temunović M, Garnier-Géré P, Morić M, Franjić J, Ivanković M, Bogdan S, Hampe A (2020) Candidate gene SNP variation in floodplain populations of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) near the species' southern range margin: weak differentiation yet distinct associations with water availability. Molecular Ecology 29: 2359-2378.
  • Valdés-Correcher E, Bourdin A, González-Martínez SC, Moreira X, Galmán A, Castagneyrol B, Hampe A (2020) Leaf chemical defences and insect herbivory in oak: accounting for canopy position unravels marked genetic relatedness effects. Annals of Botany 126: 865-872.
  • Villellas J, Martín-Forés I, Mariette S, Massot M, Guichoux E, Acuña-Míguez B, Hampe A, Valladares F (2020) Functional distance is triggered more strongly by environmental factors than by genetic relatedness in expanding Juniperus thurifera forest stands. Annals of Forest Science 77: 66.
  • Benito Garzón M, Robson TM, Hampe A (2019) ΔTraitSDM: Species distribution models that account for local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity. New Phytologist 222: 1757-1765.
  • Castagneyrol B, Giffard B, Valdés-Correcher E, Hampe A (2019) Tree diversity effects on leaf insect damage on pedunculate oak: the role of landscape context and forest stratum. Forest Ecology and Management 433: 287-294.
  • Gárate Escamilla H, Hampe A, Vizcaino-Palomar N, Robson M, Benito Garzón M (2019) Range-wide variation in local adaptation and phenotypic plasticity of fitness-related traits in Fagus sylvatica and their implications under climate change. Global Ecology and Biogeography 28: 1336-1350.
  • Valdés Correcher E, van Halder I, Barbaro L, Castagneyrol B, Hampe A (2019) Insect herbivory and avian insectivory in novel native oak forests: divergent effects of stand size and connectivity. Forest Ecology and Management 445: 146-153.
  • Ye JW, Li DZ, Hampe A (2019) Differential Quaternary dynamics of evergreen broadleaved forests in subtropical China revealed by the phylogeography of Lindera aggregata (Lauraceae). Journal of Biogeography 46: 1112-1123.
  • Costa GC, Hampe A, Ledru MP, Martínez PA, Mazzochini GG, Shepard DB, Werneck FP, Moritz C, Carnaval AC (2018) Biome stability in South America over the last 30 kyr inferred from long-term vegetation dynamics and habitat modeling. Global Ecology and Biogeography 27: 285-297.
  • García C, Guichoux E, Hampe A (2018) A comparative analysis between SNPs and SSRs to investigate genetic variation in a juniper species (Juniperus phoenicea ssp. turbinata). Tree Genetics & Genomes 14: 87.
  • Moracho E, Jordano P, Hampe A (2018) Drivers of tree fecundity in Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) refugial populations at the species’ southwestern range margin. Plant Biology 20 (Suppl 1): 195-202.
  • Ouayjan A, Hampe A (2018) Extensive sib-mating in a refugial population of beech (Fagus sylvatica) growing along a lowland river. Forest Ecology and Management 407: 66-74.
  • Du F, Hou M, Wang, WT, Mao K, Hampe A (2017) Phylogeography of Quercus aquifolioides provides novel insights into the Neogene history of a major global hotspot of plant diversity in Southwest China. Journal of Biogeography 44: 294-307.
  • Fernández-Conradi P, Jactel H, Hampe A, Guerrero F, Leiva MJ, Castagneyrol B (2017) The effects of plant genetic diversity on insect herbivory depends on insect abundance. Ecosphere 8: e01637.
  • Gerzabek G, Oddou-Muratorio S, Hampe A (2017) Temporal change and determinants of maternal reproductive success in an expanding oak forest stand. Journal of Ecology  105: 39-48.
  • Moracho E, Moreno G, Jordano P, Hampe A (2016) Unusually limited pollen dispersal and connectivity of Pedunculate oak (Quercus robur) refugial populations at the species’ southern range margin. Molecular Ecology 25: 3319-3331.
  • Vacher C, Hampe A, Porté AJ, Sauer U, Compant S, Morris CE (2016) The phyllosphere: microbial jungle at the plant-climate interface. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 47: 1-24.
  • Gavin DG, Fitzpatrick MC, Gugger PD, ..., Hampe A, ..., Williams JW (2014) Climate refugia: joint inference from fossil records, species distribution models and phylogeography. New Phytologist 204: 37-54.
  • Barnagaud JY, Barbaro L, Hampe A, Jiguet F, Archaux F (2013) Species’ thermal preferences affect forest bird communities along landscape and local scale habitat gradients. Ecography 36: 1218-1226.
  • Hampe A, Pemonge MH, Petit RJ (2013) Efficient mitigation of founder effects during the establishment of a leading-edge oak population. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 280: 20131070.
  • Hampe A, Rodríguez‐Sánchez F, Dobrowski SZ, Hu FS, Gavin DG (2013) Climate refugia: from the Last Glacial Maximum to the twenty‐first century. New Phytologist 197: 16-18.
  • Lavergne S, Hampe A, Arroyo J (2013) In and out of Africa: how did the Strait of Gibraltar affect plant species migration and local diversification? Journal of Biogeography 40: 24-36.
  • Aparicio A, Hampe A, Fernández‐Carrillo L, Albaladejo RG (2012) Fragmentation and comparative genetic structure of four mediterranean woody species: complex interactions between life history traits and the landscape context. Diversity and Distributions 18: 226-235.
  • Rodríguez-Sánchez F, De Frenne P, Hampe A (2012) Uncertainty in thermal tolerances and climatic debt. Nature Climate Change 2: 636-637.
  • Hampe A (2011) Plants on the move: the role of seed dispersal and initial population establishment for climate-driven range expansions. Acta Oecologica 37: 666-673.
  • Hampe A, Jump AS (2011) Climate relicts: past, present, future. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 42: 313-333.
  • Arroyo JM, Rigueiro C, Rodríguez R, Hampe A, Valido A, Rodríguez-Sánchez F, Jordano P (2010) Isolation and characterization of 20 microsatellite loci for laurel species (Laurus, Lauraceae). American Journal of Botany 97: e26-e30.
  • Hampe A, El Masri L, Petit RJ (2010) Origin of spatial genetic structure in an expanding oak population. Molecular Ecology 19: 459-471.
  • Hampe A, Petit RJ (2010) Cryptic forest refugia on the ‘Roof of the World’. New Phytologist 185: 5-7.
  • Rodríguez-Sánchez F, Hampe A, Jordano P, Arroyo J (2010) Past tree range dynamics in the Iberian Peninsula inferred through phylogeography and palaeodistribution modelling: a review. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 162: 507-521.
  • Arroyo JM, Rodriguez R, Rigueiro C, Hampe A, Jordano P (2009) Isolation and characterization of 12 microsatellite loci for Rhamnus alaternus (Rhamnaceae). Molecular Ecology Resources 9: 1216-1218.
  • Hu FS, Hampe A, Petit RJ (2009) Paleoecology meets genetics: deciphering past vegetational dynamics. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment 7: 371-379.
  • Rigueiro C, Arroyo JM, Rodriguez R, Hampe A, Jordano P (2009) Isolation and characterization of 16 polymorphic microsatellite loci for Frangula alnus (Rhamnaceae). Molecular Ecology Resources 9: 986-989.
  • Hampe A (2008) Fruit tracking, frugivore satiation, and their consequences for seed dispersal. Oecologia 156: 137-145.
  • Hampe A, García-Castaño JL, Schupp EW, Jordano P (2008) Initial recruitment of vertebrate-dispersed woody plants: a spatially explicit analysis across years. Journal of Ecology 96: 668-678.
  • Terrab A, Hampe A, Lepais O, Talavera S, Vela E, Stuessy TF (2008) Phylogeography of North African Atlas cedar (Cedrus atlantica, Pinaceae): combined molecular and fossil data reveal a complex Quaternary history. American Journal of Botany 95: 1262-1269.
  • Duminil J, Fineschi S, Hampe A, Jordano P, Salvini D, Vendramin GG, Petit RJ (2007) Can population genetic structure be predicted from life-history traits? American Naturalist 169: 662-672.
  • Hampe A, Petit RJ (2007) Ever deeper phylogeographies: trees retain the genetic imprint of Tertiary plate tectonics. Molecular Ecology 16: 5113-5114.
  • Serdar B, Çoşkunçelebi K, Terzioğlu S, Hampe A (2007) Anatomical notes on Turkish Frangula alnus Mill. (Rhamnaceae). Plant Biosystems 141: 69-74.
  • Petit RJ, Hampe A (2006) Some evolutionary consequences of being a tree. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 37: 187-214.
  • Aguinagalde I, Hampe A, Mohanty A, Martín JP, Duminil J, Petit RJ (2005) Effects of life‐history traits and species distribution on genetic structure at maternally inherited markers in European trees and shrubs. Journal of Biogeography 32: 329-339.
  • Hampe A (2005) Fecundity limits in Frangula alnus (Rhamnaceae) relict populations at the species’ southern range margin. Oecologia 143: 377-386.
  • Hampe A, Petit RJ (2005) Conserving biodiversity under climate change: the rear edge matters. Ecology Letters 8: 461-467.
  • Petit RJ, Duminil J, Fineschi S, Hampe A, Salvini D, Vendramin GG (2005) Invited review: comparative organization of chloroplast, mitochondrial and nuclear diversity in plant populations. Molecular Ecology 14: 689-701.
  • Petit RJ, Hampe A, Cheddadi R (2005) Climate changes and tree phylogeography in the Mediterranean. Taxon 54: 877-885.
  • Hampe A (2004) Extensive hydrochory uncouples spatiotemporal patterns of seedfall and seedling recruitment in a ‘bird‐dispersed’ riparian tree. Journal of Ecology 92: 797-807.
  • Hampe A (2004) Bioclimate envelope models: what they detect and what they hide. Global Ecology and Biogeography 13: 469-471.
  • Petit RJ, Bialozyt R, Garnier-Géré P, Hampe A (2004) Ecology and genetics of tree invasions: from recent introductions to Quaternary migrations. Forest Ecology and Management 197: 117-137.
  • Garrido B, Hampe A, Marañón T, Arroyo J (2003) Regional differences in land use affect population performance of the threatened insectivorous plant Drosophyllum lusitanicum (Droseraceae). Diversity and Distributions 9: 335-350.
  • Hampe A (2003) Frugivory in European Laurel: how extinct seed dispersers have been substituted. Bird Study 50: 280-284.
  • Hampe A (2003) Large‐scale geographical trends in fruit traits of vertebrate‐dispersed temperate plants. Journal of Biogeography 30: 487-496.
  • Hampe A, Arroyo J, Jordano P, Petit RJ (2003) Rangewide phylogeography of a bird-dispersed Eurasian shrub: contrasting Mediterranean and temperate glacial refugia. Molecular Ecology 12: 3415-3426.
  • Hampe A, Arroyo J (2002) Recruitment and regeneration in populations of an endangered South Iberian Tertiary relict tree. Biological Conservation 107: 263-271.
  • Hampe A (2001) The role of fruit diet within a temperate breeding bird community in southern Spain. Bird Study 48: 116-123.
  • Hampe A, Bairlein F (2000) Modified dispersal‐related traits in disjunct populations of bird‐dispersed Frangula alnus (Rhamnaceae): a result of its Quaternary distribution shifts? Ecography 23: 603-613.
  • Hampe A, Bairlein F (2000) Foraging and flocking behaviour of migrating and resident frugivorous songbirds. Journal of Ornithology 141: 300-308.

Editorial activities

  • Global Ecology and Biogeography (since 2009)
  • Plant Ecology and Evolution (since 2014)
  • Forests (since 2019)

Teaching

  • 2011-act: Master 'Biodiversité et écosystèmes continentaux', Bordeaux (France).
  • 2010-2014: Coordinator and lecturer of the two-week postgraduate summer course 'Ecological Consequences of Climate Change: Integrating Research Approaches'. Doñana National Park, Huelva (Spain).
  • 2009-2018: Master 'Biodiversidad y Biologia de la Conservación'. Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Sevilla (Spain).

Date de modification : 26 janvier 2024 | Date de création : 10 mai 2019 | Rédaction : CPlomion